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Module12 Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots
Module 12: Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots
Get introduced to firewall, intrusion detection system, and honeypot evasion
techniques; the tools used to audit a network perimeter for weaknesses; and
countermeasures. Hands-On Lab Exercises: Over 7 hands-on exerci ses with
real-life simulated targets to build skills on how to:
> Bypass Windows Firewall
> Bypass firewall rules using tunneling
> Bypass antivirus
Section 01: IDS, IPS, Firewall and Concepts
Concepts
Intrusion detection system (IDS):
An intrusion detection system (IDS; also intrusion prevention system or IPS) is a device or software application that monitors a network or systems for malicious activity or policy violations.
Honeypot:
In computer terminology, a honeypot is a computer security mechanism set to detect, deflect, or, in some manner, counteract attempts at unauthorized use of information systems. Generally, a honeypot consists of data (for example, in a network site) that appears to be a legitimate part of the site which contains information or resources of value to attackers.
Network access control (NAC):
Network access control (NAC) is an approach to computer security that attempts to unify endpoint security technology (such as antivirus, host intrusion prevention, and vulnerability assessment), user or system authentication and network security enforcement.
Firewall]:
In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet.
Demilitarized zone (DMZ):
In computer security, a DMZ or demilitarized zone (sometimes referred to as a perimeter network or screened subnet) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external-facing services to an untrusted, usually larger, network such as the Internet.
Network address translation (NAT):
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.
Virtual private network (VPN):
A virtual private network (VPN) extends a private network across a public network and enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network.
Section 02: Evading IDS
Obfuscation:
In software development, obfuscation is the act of creating source or machine code that is difficult for humans or computers to understand. Like obfuscation in natural language, it may use needlessly roundabout expressions to compose statements.
Packet fragmentation:
IP fragmentation is an Internet Protocol (IP) process that breaks packets into smaller pieces (fragments), so that the resulting pieces can pass through a link with a smaller maximum transmission unit (MTU) than the original packet size. The fragments are reassembled by the receiving host.
Encryption:
In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding information. This process converts the original representation of the information, known as plaintext, into an alternative form known as ciphertext. Ideally, only authorized parties can decipher a ciphertext back to plaintext and access the original information.
Section 03: Evading Firewalls
Firewalking:
Firewalking is a technique developed by Mike Schiffman and David Goldsmith that utilizes traceroute techniques and TTL values to analyze IP packet responses in order to determine gateway ACL (Access Control List) filters and map networks. It is an active reconnaissance network security analysis technique that attempts to determine which layer 4 protocols a specific firewall will allow.
Branner grabbing:
Banner grabbing is a technique used to gain information about a computer system on a network and the services running on its open ports. Administrators can use this to take inventory of the systems and services on their network. However, an intruder can use banner grabbing in order to find network hosts that are running versions of applications and operating systems with known exploits.
An example of banner grabbing is provided below
telnet ceh.a3cipher.com
HEAD / HTTP/1.1
Anonymous surfing:
Anonymous surfing allows you to wander the Internet without leaving any track of your computer's IP (Internet Protocol) address. This is accomplished via a proxy service.
Proxy server:
In computer networking, a proxy server is a server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting a resource and the server providing that resource.
Tunneling:
In computer networks, a tunneling protocol is a communication protocol which allows for the movement of data from one network to another, by exploiting encapsulation. It involves allowing private network communications to be sent across a public network (such as the Internet) through a process called encapsulation.
Section 04: Evading NAC and Endpoint Security
VLAN hopping:
VLAN hopping is a computer security exploit, a method of attacking networked resources on a virtual LAN (VLAN). The basic concept behind all VLAN hopping attacks is for an attacking host on a VLAN to gain access to traffic on other VLANs that would normally not be accessible.
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